قرآنی آیات کی روشنی میں انسانی نفس کا مطالعہ

STUDYING THE HUMAN SOUL IN THE LIGHT OF QURANIC VERSES

Abstract

The human soul is a subject of profound philosophical, religious, and psychological inquiry. In Islamic thought, the soul (Arabic: nafs) is not merely a metaphysical entity but the core of human consciousness, moral agency, and spiritual development. This paper explores the concept of the human soul through the lens of the Qur'an, which categorizes the soul into three primary states: nafs al-ammārah (the soul that incites to evil), nafs al-lawwāmah (the self-reproaching soul), and nafs al-muṭmaʾinnah (the soul at peace). These gradations represent the dynamic spiritual journey of a human being from moral failure to divine proximity. The study also analyzes the relationship between the soul and human behavior, highlighting the role of tazkiyah (purification), muhāsabah (self-accountability), and mujāhadah (spiritual struggle) in soul development. Integrating classical Islamic scholarship with modern psychological insights, this research emphasizes the relevance of soul purification in achieving inner peace, ethical living and holistic well-being in contemporary society.