میثاق مدینہ کے غیر مسلموں کے سماجی معاملات پر اثرات: پاکستانی تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ
IMPACT OF MADINA CHARTER ON SOCIAL AFFAIRS OF NON-MUSLIMS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN PAKISTANI CONTEXT
Abstract
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) exemplified excellence in all aspects of life, including governance. As the ruler of Madina, he established a state based on socio-political autonomy, securing its development and defense through agreements, most notably the Charter of Madina (Methāq-e-Madina). This charter granted rights and protections to all citizens, including non-Muslims, particularly Jewish tribes, fostering social stability. In Pakistan, non-Muslims often face marginalization, highlighting the need for equal citizenship, as ensured by both the Charter of Madina and Pakistan’s constitution. This study employs an analytical approach to explore how the principles of the Madina Charter can enhance social inclusion in Pakistan.
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Irshadullah. (2019). Pakistan mein ghair musalmanon ke jan o mal ka tahaffuz. Islamics, 1(2), 67–68.
Al-Qur'an, 2:256.
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 233).
Al-Azhari, M. K. S. Zia al-Nabi (Vol. 3, p. 198).
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Thani, M. H. (1998). Rasul-e-Akram (PBUH) aur Rawadari (p. 57). Karachi: Faisal Sons.
Ghazi, H. al-Ansari. (1987). Islam ka Nizam-e-Hukumat (p. 364). Lahore: Maktaba Aliya.
Jalibi, J. (2002). Qaumi Angrezi-Urdu Lughat (5th ed., p. 1885). Islamabad: Muqtadira Qaumi Zaban.
Sills, D. L. (Ed.). (1968). Encyclopedia of Social Sciences (Vol. 14, p. 225). New York: Macmillan.
Ibn Hisham, A. b. H. (2009). Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (2nd ed., p. 232). Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm.
Raji, I. al-F. (1979). Rights of non-Muslims under Islam: Social and cultural aspects. Journal of the Institute of Minority Affairs, 1(1), 90–102.
Hamidullah, M. (2010). Khutbat-e-Bahawalpur (p. 226). Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute, IIUI.
Ghazi, M. A. (2007). Islam ka Qanoon Bain al-Mamalik (p. 319). Islamabad: Sharia Academy, IIUI.
Al-Qaradawi, Y. (2011). Islami Muasharay Mein Ghair Musalmanon ke Huquq o Faraiz (p. 7). Islamabad: Dar al-Tahqiqat al-Islami.
Alusi, M. b. A. (2010). Ruh al-Ma'ani (1st ed., Vol. 10, p. 290). Beirut: Mu'assasat al-Risala.
Al-Arabia Urdu. (2024, July 8). Pakistan.
Majmu'a min al-Mu'allifin. (2009). Mu'jam Mustalahat al-'Ulum al-Shar'iyya (2nd ed., p. 808). Riyadh. Dhimmi (ذمي) refers to a non-Muslim living under Islamic state protection in exchange for jizya.
Usmani, M. T. (2010). Islam aur Siyasi Nazariyat (p. 306). Karachi: Maktaba Ma'arif al-Quran.
Mufti, M. R. (2017, April 29). Roznama Dunya.
Tayyib, M. M. (2019). Islamic state mein ghair muslam aqaliyyat ki ibadatgahain aur mazhabi azadi. Majallat Dirasat-e-Diniyya, 2(2), 31–48.
Al-Qadri, M. T. (2015). Islam aur Ahl-e-Kitab (pp. 151–152). Lahore: Minhaj al-Quran Publications.
Al-Qadri, M. T. (2010). Islami Riyasat mein Ghair Musalman ke Jan o Mal ka Tahaffuz (p. 17). Lahore: Minhaj al-Quran Publications.
Gilani, M. I. T. (2012). Sirat Encyclopedia (Vol. 5, p. 49). Riyadh: Dar al-Salam.
Hamidullah, M. (1985). Majmu'at al-Watha'iq al-Siyasiyya (5th ed., pp. 57–62). Beirut: Dar al-Nafa'is.
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 232).
Sayyid al-Nas, M. b. M. (n.d.). 'Uyun al-Athar fi Funun al-Maghazi wa al-Shama'il wa al-Siyar (Vol. 1, p. 318). Damascus: Dar Ibn Kathir.
Al-'Umari, A. D. (1994). Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya al-Sahiha (6th ed., Vol. 1, p. 272). Madinah: Maktabat al-'Ulum wa al-Hikam.
Al-Sallabi, A. M. (2015). Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 454). Damascus: Dar Ibn Kathir.
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 233).
Al-Bukhari, M. b. I. Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Jizya, Bab ithm man qatal mu'ahidan bi-ghayr jurm, Hadith 3136.
Anwar Shah Kashmiri. Fayd al-Bari 'ala Sahih al-Bukhari (Vol. 4, p. 288).
Al-Sijistani, S. b. A. Sunan Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Kharaj, Bab fi ta'shir ahl al-dhimma, Hadith 3052.
Nicholson, R. A. (1907). A Literary History of the Arabs (p. 117). New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Tariq Ijaz. (2017). Muslim-ghair muslim ham ahangi in Riayat-e-Madina. Mirat al-'Arifin (Sirat Studies).
Qadri, H. M. (2017, October). Pakistan mein mithaq-e-Madina ki roshni mein tashkeel-e-nau. Minhaj al-Quran Monthly, p. 26.
Mountbatten (b. June 25, 1900, Windsor, England) was a British royal family member, naval officer, and politician who served during WWII and oversaw the partition of India.
Akbar the Great (1542–1605), the third Mughal emperor, ruled from 1556 to 1605.
Qadri, H. M. (2017, October). Minhaj al-Quran Monthly, p. 26.
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 233).
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 233).
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 234).
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 234).
Balyari, A. (1999). Misbah al-Lughat (p. 926). Lahore: Maktaba Qadusiyya. Mawali (موالي) is the plural of mawla, referring to both patrons and slaves (here meaning slaves).
Al-Azhari, M. K. S. (1999). Zia al-Nabi (Vol. 3, pp. 199–200). Lahore: Zia al-Quran Publications.
Baqa, M. S. (2009). Quaid-e-Azam ke Islami Afkar (p. 31). Lahore: Nazriya Pakistan Trust.
Baqa, M. S. (2009). Quaid-e-Azam ke Islami Afkar (p. 31). Lahore: Nazriya Pakistan Trust.
Baqa, M. S. (2009). Quaid-e-Azam ke Islami Afkar (p. 59). Lahore: Nazriya Pakistan Trust.
Constitution of Pakistan (2015). Article 25, p. 14. Islamabad: National Assembly.
Irshadullah. (2019). Pakistan mein ghair musalmanon ke jan o mal ka tahaffuz. Islamics, 1(2), 67–68.
Al-Qur'an, 2:256.
Ibn Hisham. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya (p. 233).
Al-Azhari, M. K. S. Zia al-Nabi (Vol. 3, p. 198).
Haykal, M. H. (1947). Hayat Muhammad (p. 227). Lahore: Idara Thaqafat-e-Islami.
Constitution of Pakistan (1973). Article 20(2). Islamabad.
Constitution of Pakistan (2015). Article 20, p. 12.
Thani, M. H. (1998). Rasul-e-Akram (PBUH) aur Rawadari (p. 57). Karachi: Faisal Sons.
Ghazi, H. al-Ansari. (1987). Islam ka Nizam-e-Hukumat (p. 364). Lahore: Maktaba Aliya.
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میثاق مدینہ کے غیر مسلموں کے سماجی معاملات پر اثرات: پاکستانی تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ: IMPACT OF MADINA CHARTER ON SOCIAL AFFAIRS OF NON-MUSLIMS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN PAKISTANI CONTEXT. (2025). PAKISTAN ISLAMICUS (An International Journal of Islamic & Social Sciences), 5(01), 34-44. https://pakistanislamicus.com/index.php/home/article/view/232
